Understanding STI Testing

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and diseases (STDs) are typically identified through “panels” conducted by healthcare professionals. These panels may include a combination of bloodwork, urine tests, or swab cultures. Depending on your location, you can access these services at specialized clinics or during routine visits with your general practitioner, gynecologist, or urologist.

While testing processes are fairly standardized, individual circumstances can vary significantly. Knowing the basics of STI testing can help ease fears and encourage frequent testing.

The Elephant in the Room: Infidelity or Open Relationship Dynamics

Even in monogamous relationships, fluid bonding can sometimes be disrupted due to infidelity or consensual non-monogamous arrangements. If you suspect this might apply to your situation—or if you’re experiencing symptoms such as unusual discharge, burning, painful urination or sex, itching, rashes, warts, or unexplained fever—it’s time to see a healthcare professional.

Here's the kicker: The most common symptom of an STI is no symptom at all. Regular testing is important, even if your relationship terms haven’t changed and you’re not experiencing any itching or burning.

What’s the Long Term Benefit?

Certain infections, such as HIV and some types of hepatitis, may take months to show up in diagnostics. Others, like HPV, can remain dormant for years before causing detectable symptoms. Even if you’ve been in a monogamous relationship for two years (or longer), regular screenings for infections like these protect your health for the future.

For people with a cervix, routine Pap smears (which check for HPV or cell changes) are essential. Certain strains of HPV, a sexually transmitted virus, can lead to cervical cancer. Blood tests for HIV and hepatitis should also be part of your testing plan as these infections may take time to appear in lab results as early detection is key.

When to Get Tested

Testing is essential at various stages of your relationship and for specific health concerns. If you and your partner didn’t undergo STI screenings before becoming exclusive, scheduling a panel now can establish a health baseline and provide peace of mind.

Certain health issues, such as infertility, chronic pelvic pain, or erectile dysfunction, could be due to undetected STIs. Testing can help rule out these infections as potential causes and guide appropriate treatment if needed.

Certain STIs like herpes (HSV1 and HSV2) are not always included on standard STI panels unless there are visible symptoms, such as an outbreak. If you notice any unusual sores, broken skin, warts, or other skin changes of the genitals, talk to a healthcare provider. A visual check or swab during an active outbreak will help diagnose and manage infection. Keep in mind a viral infection like herpes can be active in one partner and transmitted to another; an oral herpes outbreak (cold sore) may transfer to the genital region during oral sex (genital blisters), meaning that an STI has been spread without any new partners.

Testing in Monogamous Relationships: How Often Is Enough?

If you have access to affordable healthcare, consider getting a full STI panel every few months. Discussing testing with a partner fosters open communication and trust within your relationship. Your testing routine can be kept private, too- your healthcare provider cannot inform your partner without your consent. Remember, prioritizing your sexual health isn’t about questioning your partner’s faithfulness—it’s about safeguarding your well-being. A proactive approach to STI testing is a healthy habit, whether you’re just starting a relationship or have been together for decades.